How do you know the thermistor is fine? Did you measure resistance with a multimeter?
IIRC, thermistor resistance varies inversely with temperature, so a max temp reading means a short circuit. The fact that it happens without the thermistor suggests that the short is on your RAMPS board.
Presumably you can control other aspects of the printer with Repetier (e.g. turn the bed temperature up and down or extrude)? And can read temperatures and so on with Repetier?