Is the spacing of the Z banding the same as the spacing of your Z leadscrew? Does it change if you alter the print speed?
Yes and No: it's a mechanical problem related to the construction of your Z axis.
No and Yes: it's probably caused by temperature fluctuations of the hot end and/or the bed. But I would normally expect to see a much smaller spacing in that case.
For other possible causes, Google "Z banding".
Large delta printer [miscsolutions.wordpress.com], E3D tool changer, Robotdigg SCARA printer, Crane Quad and Ormerod
Disclosure: I design Duet electronics and work on RepRapFirmware, [duet3d.com].