AFAIK, you should not need gcc, the Arduino IDE should be sufficient. Unfortunately, the Arduino compiler has changed several timed and each time that causes problems with the firmware compilation which someone eventually fixes, only to have Arduino change again. FWIW, I think I had to revert to 0.22 version of Arduino when I compiled Teacup for my bot last summer, but was able to use Arduino 1.0 successfully with Marlin last month.
Pick one set of firmware (of those you have I suggest Sprinter, and strongly suggest you consider Marlin), then let us know which version of firmware, which Arduino IDE, and the specific errors you are getting. There are a bunch of people here who are way more proficient than I who I am sure would then be able to help you get past your current hurdle.