Sounds pretty weird since the USB cable just provides 5V to the arduino/RAMPS, and hotend/heated bed/motors should get powered from an external 12/24V power supply
Do you have other "exotic" 5V electronics connected to your board, such as lights, 5V fans???
Maybe you fried a stepper driver in the previous setup??
Just connect the RAMPS with the arduino, remove/disconnect everyting else like stepper drivers, fans, heaters just a bare arduino with RAMPS and see what your cable does then...
Creality CR6-SE on Community FW
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github.com]
P3-Steel Homebrew on Repetier FW