TMC2100
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Release status: working
Description | TMC2100 stepper motor driver
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TMC2100 are the quietest Pololu compatible stepper motor drivers currently available on the market. The size corresponds to the popular Pololu drivers: the pinout is compatible, but not identical. The driver can be used on all major electronics, eg 8-bit electronics as RAMPS, Rumba, GT2560 or 32-bit electronics as RADDS or AZSMZ and all other Pololu compatible RepRap electronics.
Contents
Specification
- Driver-IC: Trinamic TMC2100, noiseless operation (in certain modes)
- Hardware compatible with Step Stick and Pololu A4988
- 1.25A RMS continuous current (equivalent to about 1,77A Imax)
- short-time peak current 2.5A per motor coil
- Motor voltage: 5.5 - 46V or 4.75 - 46V (5V SilentStepStick)
- Step/Dir interface with micro-step function (interpolation of up to 256 micro-steps)
- automatic standby current reduction
- stealthChop mode - for a noiseless operation
- spreadCycle mode - for a high dynamic and torque
Special features in comparison to other stepper motor drivers
The TMC2100 stepper motor drivers a few peculiarities must be observed.
- The driver board is "upside down" mounted, with the chip and the potentiometer down. To allow this, the pinout is mirrored too.
- The heat sink is mounted on the circuit board on the back. This is much better, because the heat is much better guided by the vias (heat pipes) of the board, than the thick plastic layer of the chip itself.
- The potentiometer is mounted upside down and adjustable via a hole through the board.
- The "stealthChop" operating mode is noiseless and suitable for most cases (except a 3D printer extruder). It can lead to step losses since the torque is considerably reduced. If you have problems like step losses then you can use a slower acceleration or you can use the more powerful spreadCycle mode.
- The "spreadCycle" operating mode gives more torque, but is not completly noiseless.
Pin Configuration
Since many different electronic boards available such as RAMPS, RADDS, RUMBA, etc, the wiring of config pins (CFG1, CFG2 and CFG3) is solved differently, so it's recommended not to connect config pins. This prevents that change of the electronics implies adjusting the driver. Be joined, that the "spreadCycle" mode also needs the pin CFG1 connected to GND. This can be realized by a small wire bridge (see photo).
Some Chinese boards have been seen in the wild that have CFG1-3 printed out of order on the bottom of the PCB. So CFG3 is connected to MS1 and is actually CFG1 (see photo). Because the configuration pins ship open, you must close them by bridging with solder as shown in the photo in addition to connecting MS1 to GND.
The pins and DIAG1 DIAG2 have no function and may also be omitted.
Various operating modes to provide a through connection of the 3 config pins that green highlighted lines are the recommended operation modes:
CFG1 | CFG2 | Schrittteilung | Interpolation | Mode |
---|---|---|---|---|
GND | GND | 1 (full step) | none | spreadCycle |
VCC | GND | 2 (half-step) | none | spreadCycle |
open | GND | 2 (half-step) | 256 µ-steps | spreadCycle |
GND | VCC | 4 (quarter-step) | none | spreadCycle |
VCC | VCC | 16 µ-steps | none | spreadCycle |
open | VCC | 4 (quarter-step) | 256 µ-steps | spreadCycle |
GND | open | 16 µ-steps | 256 µ-steps | spreadCycle |
VCC | open | 4 (quarter-step) | 256 µ-steps | stealthChop |
open | open | 16 µ-steps | 256 µ-steps | stealthChop |
Images
Setting the reference voltage / motor current
The best way to adjust the motor current, the voltage at Vref-Pin (0 - 2,5V)to measure and then adjust the potentiometer. The maximum continuous current is 1,25A (Irms) or 1,77A (Imax) and is determined by the 0,11Ω-sense resistor.
Chinese PCB's have been reported with a 6.8k Ohm potentiometer instead of 20k. This limits the maximum current significantly.
These steppers require active cooling over Vref voltages of around 0.55.
Formulas for calculating the values:
Irms = (Vref * 1.77A) / 2.5V
Irms = Vref * 0.71
Imax = 1.41 * Irms
Vref = (Irms * 2.5V) / 1.77A
Vref = Irms * 1.41
Vref = Imax
Example:
A voltage of 1.0V at the VREF pin sets the motor current to 0,71A Irms / 1A Imax.
Vref = (Irms * 2.5V) / 1.77A
1V = (0,71A * 2.5V) / 1.77A
Please note: In some stepper motor drivers, such as the A4988, it represents the maximum current (Imax) with other the RMS current (Irms), such as the TMC2100.
Further information
Github: SilentStepStick
Summary PDF: File:SilentStepStick v1.0 summary.pdf
Sources and where to get it:
SilentStepStick at watterott.com DE
TMC2100 SilentStepStick (3-5V) at stepstick.pl PL
TMC2100 SilentStepStick (5V) at e3d-online.com UK
TMC2100 SilentStepStick (3-5V) at filastruder.com USA
Clones (no schematics available):
TMC2100 SilentStepStick at orballoprinting.com ES
TMC2100 SilentStepStick at robotdigg.com CN (will charge lots for shipping, theres a reason they don't list shipping rates)