Prusa i3 Hephestos
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Translation in progress. Please visit Spanish version.
http://reprap.org/wiki/Prusa_i3_Hephestos/es
Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Galery
- 3 Thecnical specifications
- 4 Changes with respect to other models Prusa i3
- 5 Printed Parts
- 6 Bill of Materials
- 7 Assembly Guide
- 7.1 Required tools not included in the BOM
- 7.2 Preparation before assembly
- 7.3 Axis assembly
- 7.3.1 X Axis
- 7.3.1.1 Enter bearings
- 7.3.1.2 Prepare the tensor X Axis
- 7.3.1.3 Enter the X Axis tensor
- 7.3.1.4 Introduce smooth rod bearings
- 7.3.1.5 Prepare the X Axis Endstop sensor
- 7.3.1.6 Introduce the X Axis Endstop sensor in the smooth rod
- 7.3.1.7 Introduce the smooth rod in the side parts
- 7.3.1.8 Mount the X Axis motor
- 7.3.1.9 Introduce the adjustment screw for the X Axis Endstop
- 7.3.1.10 Introduce the pulley on the X Axis motor
- 7.3.2 Z Axis
- 7.3.2.1 Couple the motor hold on the frame
- 7.3.2.2 Couple the Z motors
- 7.3.2.3 Attach the top tether of smooth rods
- 7.3.2.4 Prepare the Z Axis Endstop
- 7.3.2.5 Union X Axis with Z Axis: Insert threaded rods
- 7.3.2.6 Union X Axis with Z Axis: Introduce smooth rod
- 7.3.2.7 Union X Axis with Z Axis: Union with X Axis:
- 7.3.2.8 Union X Axis with Z Axis: Flexible coupling
- 7.3.2.9 Union X Axis with Z Axis: Z Axis Endstop
- 7.3.3 Y Axis
- 7.3.3.1 Preparation of M10 threaded rod
- 7.3.3.2 Preparation of smooth rods
- 7.3.3.3 Union of smooth rods with threaded rods
- 7.3.3.4 Secure with nuts
- 7.3.3.5 Secure with flnages
- 7.3.3.6 Preparation of Y Axis tensioner
- 7.3.3.7 Preparation of Y Axis motor
- 7.3.3.8 Preparation of the threaded rods M8 - Part 1
- 7.3.3.9 Preparation M8 threaded rod - Part 2
- 7.3.3.10 Union of the rods
- 7.3.3.11 Secure with nuts the structure
- 7.3.3.12 Preparation of the aluminum base
- 7.3.3.13 Secure the base aluminum with flanges
- 7.3.3.14 Prepare the Endstop of the base
- 7.3.3.15 Secure the Endstop at the base
- 7.3.3.16 Place the belt of the Axis Y
- 7.3.3.17 Tighten all nuts
- 7.3.3.18 Place the methacrylate base
- 7.3.3.19 Prepare the Y Axis Endstop on the frame
- 7.3.3.20 Secure the Y Axis Endstop on the frame
- 7.3.3.21 Union Y Axis with the X and Z axes: Snap axes
- 7.3.3.22 Union Y Axis with the X and Z axes: Fit and tighten nuts
- 7.3.4 Extruder
- 7.3.4.1 Prepare the carriage
- 7.3.4.2 Place the carriage in the X axis
- 7.3.4.3 Secure the carriage with a flange
- 7.3.4.4 Place the belt on the X Axis
- 7.3.4.5 Screw the Extruder support
- 7.3.4.6 Montar el Extrusor
- 7.3.4.7 Placing the blower nozzle and Hot end security
- 7.3.4.8 Place the glass on the base
- 7.3.5 Electronic
- 7.3.6 =Tuck the wires in the X Axis chain stitch
- 7.3.1 X Axis
- 7.4 Printer settings
- 7.5 Hello world: Your first print
- 7.6 Annex
Introduction
- Prusa 3D printer Hephestos is a free project designed and developed by the bq Department of Innovation and Robotics. Hephestos is based on the Prusa i3 and adds several improvements learned from other printers as PowerCode users of the RepRap community, modifications to these parts and designs own department.
- This project has sought to offer a robust printer design that solves many of the shortcomings of earlier designs such as the subjection of the limit switches and cable routing. We have placed particular emphasis on providing good documentation to facilitate and more comfortable to the user installation and commissioning of the printer.
- The complete kit can be purchased on the website http://store.bqreaders.com/es/diy/.
Building Instructions Video (Youtube):
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Galery
Thecnical specifications
Dimensions
- -Dimensions printer: (x) 460 x (y) x 370 (without roll z) 510 (with roll z) 583 mm
- -Dimensions printer area : (x) 215 x (y) 210 x (z) 180 mm
- -Dimensions box: (x) 400 x (y) 400 x (z) 250mm
Mechanical
- -Aluminum frame and base powder coated
- -Chromed smooth rod X, Y, Z
- -Linear ball bearing LM8UU for X, Y, Z
- -Axial B623ZZ bearing pulleys balls for X, Y
- -Igus chain stitch
- -Flexible coupling aluminum 5 to 5 mm Z Axis
- -System level print base with 4 points and cushioning
- -System quick change print base with Clips
- -Fans brushless axial ball bearings.
Print resolution
- -Very high: 60 microns
- -High 100 microns
- -Media 200 microns
- -Low 300 microns
Extruder Mechanics
- -Extruder own
- -0.4mm nozzle
- -Sink fins with axial fan
- -Irrigation Nozzle Part
Print speed
- -Recommended speed: 50 mm / s
- -Maximum recommended speed: 80 mm / s
Electronics
- Any RepRap electronics conforming to RepRap Interface Standard RIS 1.
- -Display LCD and rotary encoder with pushbutton navigation
- -Cold Base Glass size 220 x 220 x 3 mm
- -Power supply 220 AC 12 DC 100W
- -Thermistor 100k extruder
- -Heating element 12V 40W
Software
- -Firmware derivative Marlin
- -Recommended environment: Cura Software
- -Supported Files:. Gcode
- -OS supported:
- Windows XP and above
- Mac OS X and above
- Linux
Communications
- -Reader Standard SD cards
- -Port USB Type B
Materials
- PLA Filament 1.75-mm
Changes with respect to other models Prusa i3
- Limit switch clamping:
- Designed by the department specifically for this model.
- Limit switch clamping:
- Belt tensioners
- Tensor X axis identical to the Power Code. Tensor Axis And http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:6818 downloaded from Thingiverse.
- Support for RAMPS
- Designed by the department specifically for this model. Includes three anchors to collect the wires on one side flanged.
- Support LCD
- Designed by the department specifically for this model. The design has been inspired by http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:121640
- Support Fan
- Designed by the department specifically for this model.
- Chain Stitch
- Parts modified to include the chain stitch on all axes, avoiding pinching, cuts and caught the cable axis movement.
- Power supply
- Pc power supply
- Extruder
- Witbox extruder.
- Frame
- Official modified Prusa. It has a recess in the Y axis area to prevent friction may exist once the leveling of the base if the screw protrudes. File:Frame&base Hephestos.dxf.zip
- Volume Printing
- 215x210x180 mm
Printed Parts
Thingiverse page: http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:371842
Own desings
X Axis coupling chain stitch
Part Downloads File:Acople cadeneta Eje X.zip
Mechanical Endstop clamping X axis
Part Downloads
File:EjeX final de carrera.zip
Mechanical Endstop clamping Y axis
Parts Downloads File:EjeY final carrera marco.zip File:EjeY final carrera base.zip
Mechanical Endstop clamping Z axis
Part Downloads File:Eje Z final carrera.zip
Hot End security
Part Downloads File:Seguridad Hot end.zip
Tools
Part Downloads File:Llave fija impresa archivos.zip
LCD support
Part Downloads File:Soporte lcd.stl File:Bisagra lcd.stl
Fan support
Part Downloads File:Soporte ventilador archivos.zip
Filament holder
Modified
X Axis carriage
- The original carriage will have made the following changes:
- -Attach to rewind Igus chain stitch at the top (above the bearings).
- -Addition of a small cap to ensure contact with the limit of X axis (on the side, next to the linear bearing carriage below)
Original Modified X Axis carriage (Power CODE) X Axis carriage (Hephestos) File:Eje X carro A archcivos.zip
Clamping the left Z Axis motor
- -Incorporated hitch chainstitch.
Original Modified Clamping the left Z Axis motor (Power CODE) Clamping the left Z Axis motor (Hephestos) File:I3-zbottom izq.stl File:Eje Z soporte inferior izquierda archivos.zip
End of the X Axis motor
- To provide robustness to the screw to adjust the height in Z.
- -The base is elongated and has reduced the looseness of the nut to prevent the screw from moving.
- -Has shifted the screw hole out to get a better accuracy in mechanical Endstop activation.
Original Modified X Axis left (Power CODE) X Axis left (Hephestos) File:EjeX izquierda.zip
RAMPS support
- They have added three hooks. Each hook allows through a bridle, hold and collect all the cables connected to the RAMPS. By guiding the cables through the side and into the plate at the top left corner promotes cooling of drivers having no cables above the sinks.
Original Modified RAMPS support (Witbox) RAMPS support (Hephestos) File:Suplemento RAMPS(original).stl File:Soporte RAMPS archivos.zip
Complete Kit
Complete Kit Parts to Hephestos:
Bill of Materials
Tools
Electronic
Extruder
X Axis
Y Axis
Part Name Quantity
Chromed smooth rod 8mm x 340mm 2 Black threaded rod M10x370mm 2 Black threaded rod M8 x 205mm 4 M3 x10 Screw - DIN-912 8.8 Class Black 7 M3 x16 Screw - DIN-912 8.8 Class Black 1 M3 x20 Screw - DIN-912 8.8 Class Black 1 M3 x25 Screw - DIN-912 8.8 Class Black 6 M3 Nut - DIN 934 Class 8 Black 7 M8 Nut - DIN 934 Class 8 Black 22 M10 Nut - DIN 934 Class 8 Black 12 M8 Washer - DIN-125 Class 6 Black 22 M10 Washer - DIN-125 Class 6 Black 12 Y Axis B623ZZ bearing Pulley 2 Y Axis belt holder 1 Y Axis tensor B623ZZ bearing http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:68185 1 Y Axis motor 1 Y Axis Corner 1 Y Axis base Endstop 1 Y Axis frame Endstop 1 GT2 pulley (20 teeth) 1 LM8UU Linear bearing 3 Black bridle 100x2.5mm 11 GT2 belt 6mmx1m 1 Aluminum base 1 Methacrylate base 220x220x8mm holes 3.5mm 1 B623ZZ axial bearing 1 Spring (long: 30,5mm ; Outside diameter: 4,5mm; Wire thickness: 0.45mm) 4 Glass 220x220x3mm 1 Black Biinder Clip (35x10mm) 4 Black bridle 100x2.5mm 11
Z Axis
Assembly Guide
Required tools not included in the BOM
Preparation before assembly
Prepare pulleys
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation of the motors
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Embed nuts
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Parts to be embed with nut:
Preparation of motor cables
- Materials Needed:
- Cable length (from base of engine to end of connector)
Motor Total length (cm) Motor length (cm) Extesnion lenght(cm) X 85 30 55 Y 50 20 30 Z Right 45 15 30 Z Left 65 30 35
- Note: Cut four parts of heat shrink tubing Motor wire 2cm long.
- Note: Prepare motors X and Y axes before mounting the engines and Prusa Z Axis after mounting.
- Assembly:
- Note: Before welding cables Z axis motors, pass the bare wire through the motor hole.
- Assembly:
Power supply cable preparation
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Axis assembly
X Axis
Enter bearings
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Prepare the tensor X Axis
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Enter the X Axis tensor
- Materials Needed:
- The objective of the tensor is load or unload a belt comfortably once set.
- Note: It is necessary to sand the parts. The tensioner should slide perfectly with the part that holds it.
- Assembly:
- Note: The two nuts are to be tightened in the end together. To do this with the aid of a nut wrench against the other, in this way it is achieved that these nuts are integral with the screw tightened. Now introducing the wrench as shown in the picture, a crank to slide linearly tensor is achieved.
- Note: With the help of the key nut and tighten nut to get a wing nut on the screw.
Introduce smooth rod bearings
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Prepare the X Axis Endstop sensor
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Introduce the X Axis Endstop sensor in the smooth rod
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Introduce the smooth rod in the side parts
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- The length of the rod once joined in the side parts, should be approximately 31 cm.
Mount the X Axis motor
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Orient the motor cable from the top.
Introduce the adjustment screw for the X Axis Endstop
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Introduce the pulley on the X Axis motor
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Use the 2mm Allen wrench to tighten the pulley to the motor axis by the chamfered area.
Z Axis
Couple the motor hold on the frame
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Couple the Z motors
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Note: Orient the motor cable to the frame
Attach the top tether of smooth rods
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Note: It is necessary to sand the parts.
Prepare the Z Axis Endstop
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union X Axis with Z Axis: Insert threaded rods
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union X Axis with Z Axis: Introduce smooth rod
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union X Axis with Z Axis: Union with X Axis:
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union X Axis with Z Axis: Flexible coupling
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union X Axis with Z Axis: Z Axis Endstop
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Paste with adhesive for plastics the step assembly 4 to the motor bracket.
Y Axis
Preparation of M10 threaded rod
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation of smooth rods
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union of smooth rods with threaded rods
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure with nuts
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure with flnages
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation of Y Axis tensioner
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Note: The 25 mm screw is used as shaft for the pulley and the 20mm screw for the tensioner.
Preparation of Y Axis motor
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation of the threaded rods M8 - Part 1
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation M8 threaded rod - Part 2
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union of the rods
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure with nuts the structure
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Preparation of the aluminum base
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure the base aluminum with flanges
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Prepare the Endstop of the base
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure the Endstop at the base
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Place the belt of the Axis Y
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Turn the set
- Note: Tighten pulley with 2mm Allen wrench
- Note: Screw out screw to slacken the tensioner
- Note: Align belt
- Note: Tighten the belt tensioner bolt tightening
Tighten all nuts
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: It is necessary to file the burrs.
Place the methacrylate base
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: It is necessary to file the burrs.
Prepare the Y Axis Endstop on the frame
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure the Y Axis Endstop on the frame
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union Y Axis with the X and Z axes: Snap axes
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Union Y Axis with the X and Z axes: Fit and tighten nuts
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Extruder
Prepare the carriage
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Place the carriage in the X axis
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Secure the carriage with a flange
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Place the belt on the X Axis
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Screw the Extruder support
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Montar el Extrusor
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: This step is necessary to remove the nozzle of the extruder.
- Nota: Secure with screws the Extruder.
Placing the blower nozzle and Hot end security
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Nota: The Hot end security is a opcional complement and no necessary for the correct printer working, but its use is highly recommended to avoid burns.
Place the glass on the base
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Electronic
Place the RAMPS 1.4
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Prepare the LCD control panel
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Mount the LCD control panel on the frame
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
=Tuck the wires in the X Axis chain stitch
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Introduce the wires singly
Place the X Axis chain stitch
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: The 25 shackle chain stitch link the X Axis carriage with the X Axis left.
Introduce the Z Axis wires in to the Z Axis chain stitch.
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Introduce in to the Z Axis chain stitch the X Axis motor and Endstop wires.
- Note: The 27 shackle chain stitch link the X Axis left with the Z Axis left bottom support.
Prepare the fan
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
Wiring and cable routing
Cable connection diagram
- Materials Needed:
Extruder wiring
- Note: Use a flange with the extruder wires.
Motors cable routing
- Note: Use a flange with the motors wires.
Endstop cable routing
RAMPS Wiring and cable routing
- Note: Use the flanges with the wires.
- Note: Guide the cables through the printed part that holds the RAMPS and secure them with the flanges.
- Note: Connect the clamp plate the fan cables and power supply.
Place the fan
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Disconnect the LCD panel control Ramps before placing the fan and pass it through the hole in the workpiece.
Placement the filament holder
- Materials Needed:
- Assembly:
- Note: Disconnect the LCD control panel of Ramps before placing the fan and pass it through the hole in the workpiece.
Printer settings
Z Axis adjustment
- Before printing with your printer you must calibrate the screw that adjusts the height of the Z axis so that the extruder is to the correct height of the base. To do this, follow these steps:
- -Put the same height ends of the X Axis. Thread each axis manually until both are at the same height.
- -Tighten the set screw everything without possible forcing the printer part.
- -Use the LCD control panel to bring the extruder to home.
- Control > Move Axis > Auto home
- Note: Make sure that the Endstops are being touching correctly by their respective axes.
- -Adjusts the position of the endstop sensor adjustment screw and repeat the previous step (bringing the Z axis to home).
- -If the adjustment isn't correct, repeat the previous step.
Level plate
- Once Z Axis is adjusted, is necessary level the plate.
- Using the LCD control panel, start the leveling program.
- Control > Level plate
- The program moves the extruder at four points of the base, where you must adjust the screws on each corner, so that you can pass a sheet between the extruder nozzle and glass. Must feel the friction produced by the extruder in the paper passing therebetween.
Extruder obstruction
- If a blockage occurs in the extruder, follow the next step:
- You must hate the extruder at 220 ° C and insert the 0.4mm needle into the nozzle until you see it come out the other end. After you must clean the needle of adhered plastic.
- If a blockage occurs in the extruder, follow the next step:
Hello world: Your first print
- If you followed all steps of this manual, you should have your Prusa i3 Hephestos ready to do his first print!
- First you must laminate the 3D design. The 3D designs must be in .stl. For this, you can follow our guides for some used programs.
- Slic3r guide: https://www-cdn.bq.com/file/Witbox/Manual_Slic3r_ES.pdf
- Repetier-Host guide: https://www-cdn.bq.com/file/Witbox/Manual_Repetier_ES.pdf
- Cura 3D guide: https://www-cdn.bq.com/file/Witbox/Manual_Cura_ESP.pdf
- Note: Remember that Prusa i3 Hephestos area is 215x210x180 mm.
- Once you have the g-code file, save the file in a SD card. Insert the SD card in the LCD control panel slot. In main menu select "Print from SD". Now select your g-code file. The printer will start automatically. You can view the progress of the part and the extrusion temperature from the LCD panel of the printer. When printing is completed remove the glass base by removing the clamps. With the base resting on a glass table parts removed by pulling them tight.
- You need apply lac on the glass for the correct adhesion of parts!
Annex
Firmware load
For load a new firmware follow the next steps:
1. Donwload the firmware. In RepRap wiki you can find a entire list of available firmwares:
Link: http://reprap.org/wiki/List_of_Firmware
2. Here are some of the most popular firmwares and our modification of Marlin:
Marlin: http://reprap.org/wiki/Marlin Sprinter: http://reprap.org/wiki/Sprinter Marlin Hephestos: File:Marlin Hephestos.zip
3. Download and install Arduino software from main site:
Link: http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
4. Inside of firmware folder, you must open .ino file with the Arduini IDE.
5. Once open, will appear one tab called "configuration.h". In this file you can configurate the params of your printer.
6. When you complete configuration, load program into Arduino Mega.
Drivers calibration
Materials Needed
This step must be repeat with all drivers, you will need two motors for Z Axis driver calibration.
Intensity for each Driver
Driver | Intensity (mA) |
---|---|
Eje X | 250 |
Eje Y | 250 |
Eje Z | 450 |
Extrusor | 680 |
Placa | aprox. 74 (no regulable) |
Wiring
Is necessary connect one endstop sensor and thermistor, because of firmware firewalls.
Multimeter preparation
Connect the multimeter in serial connection between Arduino and power supply. Put multimeter in intensity measurement mode.
Potenciometer adjust
Connect Arduino Mega to computer. Conecta la placa al ordenador. Verás que la corriente que circula por la placa es de aproximadamente 74 mA (si es menor no te preocupes, esta medida es propia de cada placa y puede variar). Abre el programa Pronterface (link al final). Desde el programa conecta la placa seleccionado el puerto correspondiente a través de la interfaz.
Para poder medir la corriente que pasa por los motores paso a paso es necesario activar uno a uno los motores para poder observar que intensidad demandan. Para activar un motor es necesario mandar una orden de movimiento desde el programa. Para ello usa las flechas del panel de control desde Pronterface para mover cada uno de los ejes. Mueve el motor del eje correspondiente al driver que se esté calibrando, verás como la corriente que demanda la placa aumenta, es en este momento cuando debes ajustar el potenciómetro usando para ello el destornillador trimmer cerámico. Ajusta el potenciómetro hasta que la intensidad marcada sea la correcta. Ten en cuenta que la corriente que mide el polímetro es la suma de la corriente que demanda la placa por si sola (aprox. 74 mA) y la que demanda el motor correspondiente. Por ejemplo, en el caso del eje X la medida que debe aparecer en el polímetro es de 74 mA más 250 mA, es decir 324 mA.
En el caso del extrusor habrá que pre-calentarlo antes de poder mover su motor, debido a las protecciones que añade el Firmware para evitar una extrusión fría que pueda dañar el motor. Para ello usa el botón Set correspondiente al extrusor (Heat) que se encuentra debajo del panel de control de los ejes.
Cuando se haya calibrado un driver hay que resetear la placa antes de poder calibrar el siguiente. De este modo se medirá solo la intensidad que demanda el driver que se está calibrando.
Pronterface donwload link: http://reprap.org/wiki/Printrun